"Wisdom begins in wonder" – Socrates
Category: Policy
Linear Infrastructure
09/14/25
“Can we unify linear geometry infrastructure under a single name?”
Physical infrastructure comes in a multitude of shapes and sizes. Many come in linear geometries, such as canals, pipelines, railways, and powerlines. This Linear Infrastructure must contend with strenuous logistical coordination and bureaucratic hurdles for implementation.
Tierra del Fuego
07/31/25
“What makes the southern tip of the Americas so special?”
When one pictures South America, many think of lush, dense jungles that keep hot and humid all year. But at the very southern tip of the continent is a very special archipelago that looks nothing like what’s described above. Tierra del Fuego, Spanish for “land of the fire”, is an archipelago divided between Argentina and Chile that features mountains, forests, and even glaciers. While beautiful, the islands are the traditional homelands of the Selkʼnams, Kawésqar, Haush, and Yaghan people, who suffered from genocide by the colonial Euro-South American nation-states now occupying the land.
Marine Protected Areas
07/09/25
“How can we protect marine ecological areas?”
Industrial activity in marine areas can destroy ecosystems. One way to prevent this is to limit all human activities that don’t contribute to ecological and cultural conservation. Governments and international bodies establish these Marine Protected Areas to ensure ecosystem stability.
Image credit: https://marinesanctuary.org/
NYC Unified Stormwater Rule
07/05/25
“How can NYC unify its stormwater regulations to cover both its combined and separated sewers under one regulation?”
Historically, NYC regulated stormwater in its combined sewer overflows differently than its municipal separate stormwater sanitary systems. But on February 15, 2022, NYC unveiled its NYC Unified Stormwater Rule. This regulation brought RCNY Title 15 Chapter 19.1 enforcement to the entire city and reduced the minimum qualification to 20,000 square feet. This shifted NYC’s stormwater pollution focus from off-site treatment to on-site treatment, putting NYC on a path to a more just and sustainable future. The NYC unified stormwater rule can increase equity in environmental justice communities due to their sizable presence in older combined sewer overflow neighborhoods.
Construction General Permit
07/04/25
“How do U.S. states regulate stormwater pollution runoff from construction activity?”
Construction activities create pollution that stormwater can pick up and dump into surface waters. U.S. States use stormwater permits to keep their water bodies clean. Construction activities that meet certain criteria must obtain a Construction General Permit from the state environmental regulatory agency before starting work. Construction general permits are part of the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES).
Thermal Energy Networks
04/22/25
“How can buildings share heat with each other?”
At any given time, some buildings in a neighborhood might need heating while others need to release heat. Moving heat from the latter to the former would increase system efficiency while meeting thermal comfort. Thermal Energy Networks use underground pipes to create a common heat-sharing system. Buildings and thermal resources can tap into this network to “trade” heat across each other.
Decision Matrix
04/24/25
“How can we evaluate a series of options for action implementation?”
A Decision Matrix evaluates a series of options by integrating and ranking all pertinent criteria. Each criterion is given a score multiplied by a weight based on how vital a criterion is for selecting an option and then summed to form a final decision score. The system with the highest score is selected.
Safe Yield Aquifer Discharge
04/05/25
“What is the point before aquifer discharge becomes unsafe?”
People extract water from aquifers. Taking too much water from aquifers can lead to land subsidence, dry wells, and long-term decline of water yields. The Safe Yield Aquifer Discharge measures the point where aquifer water extraction is sustainable.
Why People Should Not Build Wells Next to Roads
04/03/25
“Why should people not build new wells next to roads?”
New wells are built to accommodate water demand. For many infrastructure operators, building a well next to a road is tempting because repair vehicles can service the well more easily. However, this will expose the well to more runoff contamination, polluting the water supply. This is Why People Should Not Build Wells Next to Roads. Many places specify that people can only build wells after a minimum distance from roads.
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